¹Notum autem vobis facio,And so I make known to you,fratres,brothers,Evangelium, quod prædicavi vobis,the Gospel that I preached to you,quod et accepistis,which you also received,in quo et statis,and on which you stand.

¹Notum autem vobis facio,And so I make known to you,fratres,brothers,Evangelium, quod prædicavi vobis,the Gospel that I preached to you,quod et accepistis,which you also received,in quo et statis,and on which you stand.

²per quodBy the Gospel,et salvamini:too,qua ratione prædicaverim vobis,you are being saved,si tenetis,if you hold to the understanding that I preached to you,nisi frustra credidistis.lest you believe in vain.

²per quodBy the Gospel,et salvamini:too,qua ratione prædicaverim vobis,you are being saved,si tenetis,if you hold to the understanding that I preached to you,nisi frustra credidistis.lest you believe in vain.

³Tradidi enim vobis in primis quod et accepi:For I handed on to you, first of all,quoniam Christus mortuus est pro peccatis nostris secundum Scripturas:what I also received: that Christ died for our sins, according to the Scriptures;

³Tradidi enim vobis in primis quod et accepi:For I handed on to you, first of all,quoniam Christus mortuus est pro peccatis nostris secundum Scripturas:what I also received: that Christ died for our sins, according to the Scriptures;

⁴et quia sepultus est,and that he was buried;et quia resurrexit tertia die secundum Scripturas:and that he rose again on the third day, according to the Scriptures;

⁴et quia sepultus est,and that he was buried;et quia resurrexit tertia die secundum Scripturas:and that he rose again on the third day, according to the Scriptures;

⁵et quia visus est Cephæ,and that he was seen by Cephas,et post hoc undecim:and after that by the eleven.

⁵et quia visus est Cephæ,and that he was seen by Cephas,et post hoc undecim:and after that by the eleven.

⁶deinde visus est plus quam quingentis fratribus simul:Next he was seen by more than five hundred brothers at one time,ex quibus multi manent usque adhuc,many of whom remain, even to the present time,quidam autem dormierunt:although some have fallen asleep.

⁶deinde visus est plus quam quingentis fratribus simul:Next he was seen by more than five hundred brothers at one time,ex quibus multi manent usque adhuc,many of whom remain, even to the present time,quidam autem dormierunt:although some have fallen asleep.

⁷deinde visus est Jacobo,Next, he was seen by James,deinde Apostolis omnibus:then by all the Apostles.

⁷deinde visus est Jacobo,Next, he was seen by James,deinde Apostolis omnibus:then by all the Apostles.

⁸novissime autem omnium tamquam abortivo,And last of all,visus esthe was seen also by me,et mihi.as if I were someone born at the wrong time.

⁸novissime autem omnium tamquam abortivo,And last of all,visus esthe was seen also by me,et mihi.as if I were someone born at the wrong time.

⁹Ego enim sum minimus Apostolorum,For I am the least of the Apostles.qui non sum dignus vocari Apostolus,I am not worthy to be called an Apostle,quoniam persecutus sum ecclesiam Dei.because I persecuted the Church of God.

⁹Ego enim sum minimus Apostolorum,For I am the least of the Apostles.qui non sum dignus vocari Apostolus,I am not worthy to be called an Apostle,quoniam persecutus sum ecclesiam Dei.because I persecuted the Church of God.

¹⁰Gratia autem Dei sum id quod sum,But, by the grace of God, I am what I am.et gratia ejus in me vacua non fuit,And his grace in me has not been empty,sed abundantius illis omnibus laboravi:since I have labored more abundantly than all of them.non ego autem,Yet it is not I,sed gratia Dei mecum:but the grace of God within me.

¹⁰Gratia autem Dei sum id quod sum,But, by the grace of God, I am what I am.et gratia ejus in me vacua non fuit,And his grace in me has not been empty,sed abundantius illis omnibus laboravi:since I have labored more abundantly than all of them.non ego autem,Yet it is not I,sed gratia Dei mecum:but the grace of God within me.

¹¹sive enim ego,For whether it is Isive illi:or they:sic prædicamus,so we preach,et sic credidistis.and so you have believed.

¹¹sive enim ego,For whether it is Isive illi:or they:sic prædicamus,so we preach,et sic credidistis.and so you have believed.

¹²Si autem Christus prædicatur quod resurrexit a mortuis,Now if Christ is preached,quomodo quidam dicunt in vobis,that he rose again from the dead,quoniam resurrectio mortuorum non est?how is it that some among you say that there is no resurrection of the dead?

¹²Si autem Christus prædicatur quod resurrexit a mortuis,Now if Christ is preached,quomodo quidam dicunt in vobis,that he rose again from the dead,quoniam resurrectio mortuorum non est?how is it that some among you say that there is no resurrection of the dead?

¹³Si autem resurrectio mortuorum non est:For if there is no resurrection of the dead,neque Christus resurrexit.then Christ has not risen.

¹³Si autem resurrectio mortuorum non est:For if there is no resurrection of the dead,neque Christus resurrexit.then Christ has not risen.

¹⁴Si autem Christus non resurrexit,And if Christ has not risen,inanis est ergo prædicatio nostra,then our preaching is useless,inanis est et fides vestra:and your faith is also useless.

¹⁴Si autem Christus non resurrexit,And if Christ has not risen,inanis est ergo prædicatio nostra,then our preaching is useless,inanis est et fides vestra:and your faith is also useless.

¹⁵invenimur autem et falsi testes Dei:Then, too, we would be found to be false witnesses of God,quoniam testimonium diximus adversus Deum quod suscitaverit Christum,because we would have given testimony against God, saying that he had raised up Christ,quem non suscitavit,when he had not raised him up, if,si mortui non resurgunt.indeed, the dead do not rise again.

¹⁵invenimur autem et falsi testes Dei:Then, too, we would be found to be false witnesses of God,quoniam testimonium diximus adversus Deum quod suscitaverit Christum,because we would have given testimony against God, saying that he had raised up Christ,quem non suscitavit,when he had not raised him up, if,si mortui non resurgunt.indeed, the dead do not rise again.

¹⁶Nam si mortui non resurgunt,For if the dead do not rise again,neque Christus resurrexit.then neither has Christ risen again.

¹⁶Nam si mortui non resurgunt,For if the dead do not rise again,neque Christus resurrexit.then neither has Christ risen again.

¹⁷Quod si Christus non resurrexit,But if Christ has not risen,vana est fides vestra:then your faith is vain;adhuc enim estis in peccatis vestris.for you would still be in your sins.

¹⁷Quod si Christus non resurrexit,But if Christ has not risen,vana est fides vestra:then your faith is vain;adhuc enim estis in peccatis vestris.for you would still be in your sins.

¹⁸ErgoThen,et qui dormierunt in Christo,too,perierunt.those who have fallen asleep in Christ would have perished.

¹⁸ErgoThen,et qui dormierunt in Christo,too,perierunt.those who have fallen asleep in Christ would have perished.

¹⁹Si in hac vita tantum in Christo sperantes sumus,If we have hope in Christ for this life only,miserabiliores sumus omnibus hominibus.then we are more miserable than all men.

¹⁹Si in hac vita tantum in Christo sperantes sumus,If we have hope in Christ for this life only,miserabiliores sumus omnibus hominibus.then we are more miserable than all men.

²⁰Nunc autem Christus resurrexit a mortuis primitiæ dormientium,But now Christ has risen again from the dead, as the first-fruits of those who sleep.

²⁰Nunc autem Christus resurrexit a mortuis primitiæ dormientium,But now Christ has risen again from the dead, as the first-fruits of those who sleep.

²¹quoniam quidem per hominem mors,For certainly, death came through a man. And so,et per hominem resurrectio mortuorum.the resurrection of the dead came through a man

²¹quoniam quidem per hominem mors,For certainly, death came through a man. And so,et per hominem resurrectio mortuorum.the resurrection of the dead came through a man

²²Et sicut in Adam omnes moriuntur,And just as in Adam all die,ita et in Christo omnes vivificabuntur.so also in Christ all will be brought to life,

²²Et sicut in Adam omnes moriuntur,And just as in Adam all die,ita et in Christo omnes vivificabuntur.so also in Christ all will be brought to life,

²³Unusquisque autem in suo ordine,but each one in his proper order: Christ,primitiæ Christus:as the first-fruits,deinde ii qui sunt Christi,and next, those who are of Christ,qui in adventu ejus crediderunt.who have believed in his advent.

²³Unusquisque autem in suo ordine,but each one in his proper order: Christ,primitiæ Christus:as the first-fruits,deinde ii qui sunt Christi,and next, those who are of Christ,qui in adventu ejus crediderunt.who have believed in his advent.

²⁴Deinde finis:Afterwards is the end,cum tradiderit regnum Deo et Patri,when he will have handed over the kingdom to God the Father,cum evacuaverit omnem principatum,when he will have emptied all principality,et potestatem,and authority,et virtutem.and power.

²⁴Deinde finis:Afterwards is the end,cum tradiderit regnum Deo et Patri,when he will have handed over the kingdom to God the Father,cum evacuaverit omnem principatum,when he will have emptied all principality,et potestatem,and authority,et virtutem.and power.

²⁵Oportet autem illum regnare donec ponat omnes inimicos sub pedibus ejus.For it is necessary for him to reign, until he has set all his enemies under his feet.

²⁵Oportet autem illum regnare donec ponat omnes inimicos sub pedibus ejus.For it is necessary for him to reign, until he has set all his enemies under his feet.

²⁶Novissima autem inimica destruetur mors:Lastly, the enemy called death shall be destroyed.omnia enim subjecit pedibus ejus.For he has subjected all things under his feet.Cum autem dicat:And although he says,

²⁶Novissima autem inimica destruetur mors:Lastly, the enemy called death shall be destroyed.omnia enim subjecit pedibus ejus.For he has subjected all things under his feet.Cum autem dicat:And although he says,

²⁷Omnia subjecta sunt ei,“All things have been subjected to him,”sine dubio præter eum qui subjecit ei omnia.without doubt he does not include the One who has subjected all things to him.

²⁷Omnia subjecta sunt ei,“All things have been subjected to him,”sine dubio præter eum qui subjecit ei omnia.without doubt he does not include the One who has subjected all things to him.

²⁸Cum autem subjecta fuerint illi omnia:And when all things will have been subjected to him,tunc et ipse Filius subjectus erit ei, qui subjecit sibi omnia,then even the Son himself will be subjected to the One who subjected all things to him,ut sit Deus omnia in omnibus.so that God may be all in all.

²⁸Cum autem subjecta fuerint illi omnia:And when all things will have been subjected to him,tunc et ipse Filius subjectus erit ei, qui subjecit sibi omnia,then even the Son himself will be subjected to the One who subjected all things to him,ut sit Deus omnia in omnibus.so that God may be all in all.

²⁹Alioquin quid facient qui baptizantur pro mortuis,Otherwise,si omnino mortui non resurgunt?what will those who are being baptized for the dead do,ut quidif the dead do not rise again at all?et baptizantur pro illis?Why then are they being baptized for them?

²⁹Alioquin quid facient qui baptizantur pro mortuis,Otherwise,si omnino mortui non resurgunt?what will those who are being baptized for the dead do,ut quidif the dead do not rise again at all?et baptizantur pro illis?Why then are they being baptized for them?

³⁰ut quid et nos periclitamur omni hora?Why also do we endure trials every hour?

³⁰ut quid et nos periclitamur omni hora?Why also do we endure trials every hour?

³¹Quotidie morior per vestram gloriam,Daily I die, by means of your boasting,fratres,brothers:quam habeo in Christo Jesu Domino nostro.you whom I have in Christ Jesus our Lord.

³¹Quotidie morior per vestram gloriam,Daily I die, by means of your boasting,fratres,brothers:quam habeo in Christo Jesu Domino nostro.you whom I have in Christ Jesus our Lord.

³²Si secundum hominem ad bestias pugnavi Ephesi,If, according to man, I fought with the beasts at Ephesus,quid mihi prodest,how would that benefit me,si mortui non resurgunt?if the dead do not rise again?Manducemus, et bibamus,“Let us eat and drink,cras enim moriemur.for tomorrow we shall die.”

³²Si secundum hominem ad bestias pugnavi Ephesi,If, according to man, I fought with the beasts at Ephesus,quid mihi prodest,how would that benefit me,si mortui non resurgunt?if the dead do not rise again?Manducemus, et bibamus,“Let us eat and drink,cras enim moriemur.for tomorrow we shall die.”

³³Nolite seduci:Do not be led astray.corrumpunt mores bonos colloquia mala.Evil communication corrupts good morals.

³³Nolite seduci:Do not be led astray.corrumpunt mores bonos colloquia mala.Evil communication corrupts good morals.

³⁴Evigilate justi,Be vigilant, you just ones,et nolite peccare:and do not be willing to sin.ignorantiam enim Dei quidam habent,For certain persons have an ignorance of God.ad reverentiam vobis loquor.I say this to you with respect.

³⁴Evigilate justi,Be vigilant, you just ones,et nolite peccare:and do not be willing to sin.ignorantiam enim Dei quidam habent,For certain persons have an ignorance of God.ad reverentiam vobis loquor.I say this to you with respect.

³⁵Sed dicet aliquis:But someone may say,Quomodo resurgunt mortui?“How do the dead rise again?” or,qualive corpore venient?“What type of body do they return with?”

³⁵Sed dicet aliquis:But someone may say,Quomodo resurgunt mortui?“How do the dead rise again?” or,qualive corpore venient?“What type of body do they return with?”

³⁶Insipiens,How foolish!tu quod seminas non vivificatur,What you sow cannot be brought back to life,nisi prius moriatur:unless it first dies.

³⁶Insipiens,How foolish!tu quod seminas non vivificatur,What you sow cannot be brought back to life,nisi prius moriatur:unless it first dies.

³⁷et quod seminas, non corpus, quod futurum est,And what you sow is not the body that will be in the future,seminas, sed nudum granum,but a bare grain,ut puta tritici,such as of wheat,aut alicujus ceterorum.or of some other grain.

³⁷et quod seminas, non corpus, quod futurum est,And what you sow is not the body that will be in the future,seminas, sed nudum granum,but a bare grain,ut puta tritici,such as of wheat,aut alicujus ceterorum.or of some other grain.

³⁸Deus autem dat illi corpus sicut vult:For God gives it a body according to his will,ut unicuique seminum proprium corpus.and according to each seed’s proper body.

³⁸Deus autem dat illi corpus sicut vult:For God gives it a body according to his will,ut unicuique seminum proprium corpus.and according to each seed’s proper body.

³⁹Non omnis caro, eadem caro:Not all flesh is the same flesh.sed alia quidem hominum,But one is indeed of men,alia vero pecorum,another truly is of beasts,alia volucrum,another is of birds,alia autem piscium.and another is of fish.

³⁹Non omnis caro, eadem caro:Not all flesh is the same flesh.sed alia quidem hominum,But one is indeed of men,alia vero pecorum,another truly is of beasts,alia volucrum,another is of birds,alia autem piscium.and another is of fish.

⁴⁰Et corpora cælestia, et corpora terrestria:Also, there are heavenly bodies and earthly bodies.sed alia quidem cælestium gloria,But while the one, certainly, has the glory of heaven,alia autem terrestrium.the other has the glory of earth.

⁴⁰Et corpora cælestia, et corpora terrestria:Also, there are heavenly bodies and earthly bodies.sed alia quidem cælestium gloria,But while the one, certainly, has the glory of heaven,alia autem terrestrium.the other has the glory of earth.

⁴¹Alia claritas solis,One has the brightness of the sun,alia claritas lunæ,another the brightness of the moon,et alia claritas stellarum.and another the brightness of the stars.Stella enim a stella differt in claritate:For even star differs from star in brightness.

⁴¹Alia claritas solis,One has the brightness of the sun,alia claritas lunæ,another the brightness of the moon,et alia claritas stellarum.and another the brightness of the stars.Stella enim a stella differt in claritate:For even star differs from star in brightness.

⁴²sic et resurrectio mortuorum.So it is also with the resurrection of the dead.Seminatur in corruptione, surget in incorruptione.What is sown in corruption shall rise to incorruption.

⁴²sic et resurrectio mortuorum.So it is also with the resurrection of the dead.Seminatur in corruptione, surget in incorruptione.What is sown in corruption shall rise to incorruption.

⁴³Seminatur in ignobilitate, surget in gloria:What is sown in dishonor shall rise to glory.seminatur in infirmitate, surget in virtute:What is sown in weakness shall rise to power.

⁴³Seminatur in ignobilitate, surget in gloria:What is sown in dishonor shall rise to glory.seminatur in infirmitate, surget in virtute:What is sown in weakness shall rise to power.

⁴⁴seminatur corpus animale, surget corpus spiritale.What is sown with an animal body shall rise with a spiritual body.Si est corpus animale,If there is an animal body,est et spiritale, sicut scriptum est:there is also a spiritual one.

⁴⁴seminatur corpus animale, surget corpus spiritale.What is sown with an animal body shall rise with a spiritual body.Si est corpus animale,If there is an animal body,est et spiritale, sicut scriptum est:there is also a spiritual one.

⁴⁵Factus est primus homo Adam in animam viventem,Just as it was written that the first man, Adam, was made with a living soul,novissimus Adam in spiritum vivificantem.so shall the last Adam be made with a spirit brought back to life.

⁴⁵Factus est primus homo Adam in animam viventem,Just as it was written that the first man, Adam, was made with a living soul,novissimus Adam in spiritum vivificantem.so shall the last Adam be made with a spirit brought back to life.

⁴⁶Sed non prius quod spiritale est,So what is, at first, not spiritual,sed quod animale: deinde quod spiritale.but animal, next becomes spiritual.

⁴⁶Sed non prius quod spiritale est,So what is, at first, not spiritual,sed quod animale: deinde quod spiritale.but animal, next becomes spiritual.

⁴⁷Primus homo de terra,The first man, being earthly,terrenus:was of the earth;secundus homo de cælo,the second man, being heavenly,cælestis.will be of heaven.

⁴⁷Primus homo de terra,The first man, being earthly,terrenus:was of the earth;secundus homo de cælo,the second man, being heavenly,cælestis.will be of heaven.

⁴⁸Qualis terrenus, tales et terreni:Such things as are like the earth are earthly;et qualis cælestis, tales et cælestes.and such things as are like the heavens are heavenly.

⁴⁸Qualis terrenus, tales et terreni:Such things as are like the earth are earthly;et qualis cælestis, tales et cælestes.and such things as are like the heavens are heavenly.

⁴⁹Igitur,And so,sicut portavimus imaginem terreni,just as we have carried the image of what is earthly,portemus et imaginem cælestis.let us also carry the image of what is heavenly.

⁴⁹Igitur,And so,sicut portavimus imaginem terreni,just as we have carried the image of what is earthly,portemus et imaginem cælestis.let us also carry the image of what is heavenly.

⁵⁰Hoc autem dico,Now I say this,fratres:brothers,quia caro et sanguis regnum Dei possidere non possunt:because flesh and blood is not able to possess the kingdom of God;neque corruptio incorruptelam possidebit.neither will what is corrupt possess what is incorrupt.

⁵⁰Hoc autem dico,Now I say this,fratres:brothers,quia caro et sanguis regnum Dei possidere non possunt:because flesh and blood is not able to possess the kingdom of God;neque corruptio incorruptelam possidebit.neither will what is corrupt possess what is incorrupt.

⁵¹Ecce mysterium vobis dico:Behold, I tell you a mystery.omnes quidem resurgemus,Certainly, we shall all rise again,sed non omnes immutabimur.but we shall not all be transformed:

⁵¹Ecce mysterium vobis dico:Behold, I tell you a mystery.omnes quidem resurgemus,Certainly, we shall all rise again,sed non omnes immutabimur.but we shall not all be transformed:

⁵²In momento,in a moment,in ictu oculi, in novissima tuba:in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet.canet enim tuba,For the trumpet will sound,et mortui resurgent incorrupti:and the dead will rise up, incorruptible.et nos immutabimur.And we shall be transformed.

⁵²In momento,in a moment,in ictu oculi, in novissima tuba:in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet.canet enim tuba,For the trumpet will sound,et mortui resurgent incorrupti:and the dead will rise up, incorruptible.et nos immutabimur.And we shall be transformed.

⁵³Oportet enim corruptibile hoc induere incorruptionem:Thus, it is necessary for this corruptibility to be clothed with incorruptibility,et mortale hoc induere immortalitatem.and for this mortality to be clothed with immortality.

⁵³Oportet enim corruptibile hoc induere incorruptionem:Thus, it is necessary for this corruptibility to be clothed with incorruptibility,et mortale hoc induere immortalitatem.and for this mortality to be clothed with immortality.

⁵⁴Cum autem mortale hoc induerit immortalitatem,And when this mortality has been clothed with immortality,tunc fiet sermo, qui scriptus est:then the word that was written shall occur:Absorpta est mors in victoria.“Death is swallowed up in victory.”

⁵⁴Cum autem mortale hoc induerit immortalitatem,And when this mortality has been clothed with immortality,tunc fiet sermo, qui scriptus est:then the word that was written shall occur:Absorpta est mors in victoria.“Death is swallowed up in victory.”

⁵⁵Ubi est mors victoria tua?“O death, where is your victory?ubi est mors stimulus tuus?O death, where is your sting?”

⁵⁵Ubi est mors victoria tua?“O death, where is your victory?ubi est mors stimulus tuus?O death, where is your sting?”

⁵⁶Stimulus autem mortis peccatum est:Now the sting of death is sin,virtus vero peccati lex.and the power of sin is the law.

⁵⁶Stimulus autem mortis peccatum est:Now the sting of death is sin,virtus vero peccati lex.and the power of sin is the law.

⁵⁷Deo autem gratias,But thanks be to God,qui dedit nobis victoriam per Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum.who has given us victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

⁵⁷Deo autem gratias,But thanks be to God,qui dedit nobis victoriam per Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum.who has given us victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

⁵⁸Itaque fratres mei dilecti,And so,stabiles estote,my beloved brothers,et immobiles:be steadfast and unmovable,abundantes in opere Domini semper,abounding always in the work of the Lord,scientes quod labor vester non est inanis in Domino.knowing that your labor is not useless in the Lord.

⁵⁸Itaque fratres mei dilecti,And so,stabiles estote,my beloved brothers,et immobiles:be steadfast and unmovable,abundantes in opere Domini semper,abounding always in the work of the Lord,scientes quod labor vester non est inanis in Domino.knowing that your labor is not useless in the Lord.